I’m the kind of person who shares a genuine compliment often, telling someone who is standing behind me in the airport line that I love their sneakers or letting one of my daughter’s friends know they have a beautiful smile. I also like to do nice things for people, like bringing the veterans that I work with doughnuts and coffee every Monday morning.

I learned to be kind from my grandfather who raised me. He drove the nuns from my Catholic grammar school to their doctors’ appointments, and he shared smiles and jokes with grocery store clerks, neighborhood kids, and almost every soul whose path he crossed. I wanted to follow in his footsteps and engage as often as I could in my own random acts of kindness. I recognized that being kind and giving selflessly to others made me feel good as well, but it wasn’t until recently, 25 years into my career as a trauma psychologist, that I learned about the science behind random acts of kindness.

Research indicates that engaging in random acts of kindness boosts happiness in both those who give and those who receive. A systematic review of 24 studies indicated that performing acts of kindness boosts the well-being of the giver.

One study on the effects of a seven-day intervention—in which people intentionally tried to do nice things for others—found that it didn’t matter if someone was giving to those with whom they had strong ties (family members or friends), or those with whom they had weak ties (strangers). All had equally positive effects on happiness.

Oliver Scott Curry is the research director for Kindlab, a team of researchers who study the causes and consequences of kindness. The group offers tools and programs to help increase kindness; you can even complete the Kindness Quotient, a research-based questionnaire that takes less than five minutes to fill out and gives you an indication of how kind you are compared to others.

I contacted Curry and asked him what he thought about the value and opportunities for kindness in what feels like an incredibly hostile world. “Humans are naturally kind, under the right circumstances,” he tells me.

Indeed, according to research across diverse cultural and economic settings, from the U.S. and Canada to Uganda, India, and South Africa, the well-being rewards one experiences from helping others appears deep-rooted in human nature. 

Jonathan Passmore, a psychologist and coach in the U.K., has developed a positive psychology coaching technique called CAKE, which stands for consistent acts of kindness and empathy. I asked him how engaging in CAKE can help teach someone how to spread kindness. “The list of possible actions is limitless,” he says. “I advocate for folks to initially commit to a one-week plan—choosing to engage in one act of kindness per day.” On Monday, for example, you can greet the barista at your local coffee shop by name, and wish them a pleasant day, he offers. On Tuesday, “you could write a handwritten card to a colleague and thank them for something they have done.” Do this for a week, and “one often gets hooked and begins to hold an empathic stance towards most they meet.”

You’re never too young to start. Kindlab offers kindness challenges—skill-building, games, and more—for younger family members. One of my favorites is the kindness walk: a map that reminds and encourages kids to smile at someone they don’t know, give someone a sincere compliment, or pick up litter the next time they take a walk. 

Givers often underestimate the positive effect such gestures have on receivers. Undervaluing our kindness may discourage us from engaging in such acts. But engaging in acts of kindness is a straightforward, low-cost, widely available, and valuable tool we can all use with our family, friends, community members, and strangers. 

As a psychologist who cares very deeply about people’s well-being, I see engaging in acts of kindness as a win-win. Whether it’s buying a cup of coffee for the person in line behind you at the drive-thru, holding the grocery store door open for someone whose hands are full of heavy bags, or saying hello to a stranger, you will likely boost your own and others’ emotional well-being.

Imagine that someone you love starts turning down opportunities to attend social gatherings like going to the movies, picnics, and parties. Then this person stops responding consistently to your texts, avoids eye contact when you do get together, and seems to be losing their energy or spark. They have trouble keeping up with daily routines and talk a lot about physical struggles such as headaches and stomach aches. Something doesn’t feel right to you, but you’re not sure what is happening or what to do. Imagine now if the person all these things are happening to is you. 

Nearly one in seven people worldwide have a mental-health disorder. With the prevalence of mental disorders so high, odds are we all know and love someone who is struggling. But most of us have limited understanding of mental health, and sometimes misguided or inaccurate knowledge. If we improve our understanding, this could help us better identify when we are in distress and get the help we need. It can also potentially assist us in helping friends, family members, neighbors, and co-workers. As a psychologist, I believe we could all benefit from increased mental-health literacy.

The concept of mental-health literacy was first coined in the mid-1990s by a group of Australian researchers who began a series of studies to understand the public’s knowledge about mental health. Since then, extensive research on mental-health literacy has taken place in the U.S., Australia, Canada, the U.K., India, Japan, and elsewhere. 

Data from 16 studies indicate two major trends in public awareness about mental health. First, we’re making some headway in recognizing that mental disorders often have some biological underpinnings. Second, there seems to be more acceptance of professional help for such difficulties. But it’s not nearly enough.

Finding sound mental-health information can be challenging. The Internet has the potential to increase our access to evidence-informed knowledge and decrease unmet mental health needs, but there’s too much noise. And a lot of information online is of inadequate quality and lacks scientific evaluation. Rather than helping, random Internet searches on mental health could harm people most in need. 

One way to further increase our mental health literacy is to take the free online Mental Health First Aid course. This could help us gain knowledge on how to recognize when a disorder is developing and provide information on help-seeking options and available treatments. 

One of the best resources for evidence-based information is the National Institute of Mental Health. Established in 1949, this is one of the world’s largest research organizations funding brain and behavior research. It offers valuable online public resources including signs and symptoms of a broad range of disorders including anxiety, depression, eating disorders, and ADHD. It also provides information on the latest and best treatments and how to find a mental-health provider. Another accurate and up-to-date source is the National Alliance on Mental Illness, the largest grassroots mental-health organization in the U.S. They too offer research informed information online on how to find support including a helpline.

While mental-health literacy is everybody’s business, there are limits to the appropriate use of such information, particularly in our offers to help others. Let’s take the example of problematic drinking. It’s good to be able to recognize our own or a family member’s struggles with alcohol. But there are differences in providing someone with encouragement and assistance in getting help and respecting their boundaries if they refuse or are uninterested. Mental-health literacy can help us distinguish the best way to approach issues like these. 

If you or someone you know may be experiencing a mental-health crisis or contemplating suicide, call or text 988. In emergencies, call 911, or seek care from a local hospital or mental health provider.